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A tale of two scalps

February 14, 2005 by Scott Rosenberg

When two high-profile stories surface nearly simultaneously and share some superficial traits, the news media will lump them together. The blogosphere, it seems, shares this understandable reflex. And so we have the parallel buzzes over the resignation of CNN exec Eason Jordan and the exposure of a dubious character in the White House press room sharing mind-space as examples of the ascendant power of blogs to make and break careers, expose error and deception and generally cause a ruckus. I Am Blogger, Hear Me Roar!

But these two stories are fundamentally different, and, I’d argue, of radically different import.

Jordan, the CNN exec who quit on Friday, apparently shot his mouth off at the Davos conference, making an overly broad statement of some kind (the Davos management won’t release a video or transcript of the event so there’s no record to refer to, only hearsay) suggesting that U.S. troops had targeted journalists in Iraq. He backed off almost immediately, it seems, but his mea culpas weren’t sufficiently earnest.

Over the years at Salon I’ve been on the inside of stories like this enough times to know that, when you’re on the outside, you never have the full story, and the idea that angry bloggers alone laid Jordan low seems extraordinary unlikely to me. If you have your organization’s confidence, this sort of thing rolls off easily; if you don’t, then you’re vulnerable to the first controversy to come along.

I’m not shedding tears for the CNN executive. I’m always amazed at the stupid things CEOs, politicians, news honchos and other people who hold public responsibility will say in public (and do in private), thinking that the inherent power of their position grants them carte blanche and wraps them in Teflon. If they need to be beaten up over and over again until they really, really understand that — as the saying goes in blog-land — “off the record is dead,” fine.

Jordan joins Dan Rather and Jayson Blair and many, many other journalists now off-duty or just waiting to be disgraced someday. His story is now a routine one — that of the media pro who does not realize that the world has changed around him, that there is a new activist sphere of journalistic review and criticism happening collectively in real time, and that no gaffe, error or deception is likely to remain hidden. Until media people fully and deeply learn that they are responsible for their words and their work, and that this scrutiny is a good thing for their profession, careers will continue to fall casualty.

But this weeding-out process doesn’t take place in some sort of scientific vacuum, wherein the flaws of the profession can be precipitated out, leaving behind the pure essence of journalism. It is happening in the heart of a political storm. Jordan was a target for the right because conservatives think CNN is a liberal network. (That’s a joke, but let’s leave that partisan controversy alone for now.) And the conservative blogosphere is now claiming his scalp with a whoop.

It seems simple to equate that whoop with the glee on the left that preceded it, as bloggers unraveled the strange tale of “Jeff Gannon” — a fellow who mysteriously leaped from the obscurity of a right-wing Web site into the heart of the White House press corps, where he became a ringer for the Bush administration’s press secretary, who regularly turned to him for “questions” that hilariously echoed the Bush party line. It turned out Gannon was using a fake name, had only the most dubious claim to press credentials, and was plainly more of a shill than a reporter; when the collective investigations of the blogosphere began to turn up personal details that were embarrassing for an avowed conservative, “Gannon” publicly quit his job at “Talon News.”

So the score is tied, right? But this isn’t a game, or a battle with a body count; if the only significance here is — to borrow and twist a phrase from last decade’s partisan trench warfare — the Journalism of Personal Destruction, then it’s all pretty trivial.

Eason Jordan’s trial-by-blog is simply the latest example of the convulsive and painful but inevitable and long-brewing transformation of professional journalism from a protected sphere into a more open environment. That’s important, but it’s hadly news any more. The Gannon story, on the other hand, offers us a peek into the next chapter of the story — the one in which an opportunistic political establishment, sensing the vulnerability of the media, grabs the moment to reshape the public’s very grasp of reality.

Let’s remember that, while its press secretary is calling on the Jeff Gannons of the world for cover, the Bush administration is also offering under-the-counter payoffs to columnists and sending out video press releases in which PR people masquerade as reporters. This isn’t a simple matter of a gaffe here and there; it’s a systematic campaign to discredit the media, launched by an administration that desperately needs to keep propping up its Potemkin Village versions of reality (We’ll find weapons of mass destruction! We’ll cut the deficit! We’ll save Social Security by phasing it out! Really!). When you’re pursuing an Orwellian agenda, your first target must be anyone who has the standing to point it out. Messengers are a pain — but if you shoot enough of them (figuratively speaking!), and send out enough impostors, you can have any message you want.

Journalism, of course, has done so much on its own to discredit itself that the administration’s assault has an easy path; the timbers it’s battering are often rotten already. But while those of us who cherish the freedom, the liveliness and the free-for-all energy of the blogosphere — and I happily include myself — sit in our conferences and muse in our postings about the finer points of the transformations around us, the machinery of realpolitik is grinding away. It doesn’t care about the ethics of transparency or the abstract debate over “who is a journalist?” It simply seizes an opportunity to reduce the supply of what Ron Suskind calls “honest brokers.”

While we discuss how the “end of objectivity” means we have to find new ways to earn the public’s trust and pursue the goals of accuracy and fairness, the White House is laughing at its new opportunity to mess with the American people’s heads. While we consider the implications of an era in which everyone has access to a virtual printing press and anyone can be a reporter, the people in the White House press office are busily figuring out how they can dragoon more pseudo-reporters into the front row. While idealists post and fiddle, realists in power are burning down the house.

Accountability is a grand principle. The Eason Jordan story shows us how journalists are still having a hard time getting used to the fact that they are being asked to follow it, too. The Jeff Gannon story shows us how easy it is, once the journalistic establishment has begun its self-destructive implosion, for public officials to engineer a reality that suits their own agenda. To me, that’s the bigger story.

Filed Under: Blogging, Media, Politics

David Talbot moves on

February 10, 2005 by Scott Rosenberg

In 1994, the Internet grabbed me by the lapels and said, “Come here, kid.” I learned all about HTML and TCP/IP but I knew nothing about raising money or starting a company. It was David Talbot who had the totally unshakeable belief that it would be possible, not only creatively but financially, to start an independent Web site where he and a group of writers and editors from the San Francisco Examiner, including me, could try to do their best work.

Since the news of his stepping down as editor of Salon broke today, it seems the right time to tip my hat to his ingenuity and tenacity and guts over the years of starting Salon, shaping it, and keeping it afloat in high tides and low ebbs.

I’m getting asked a bit about what the transitions at Salon mean for me, so I’ll mention what I’ve said in this space before: I’m thrilled to be working on my book, but I would never have felt right about taking a break from Salon in the first place if I didn’t have deep trust and confidence in the people who are now in charge. Joan Walsh and Betsy Hambrecht are smart and energetic and creative, and they will, I’m sure, keep Salon moving in good directions. I’ll be continuing to enjoy my new status as a reader of the site who doesn’t know everything that’s going to be published beforehand. And when my own project is done I hope to return to Salon and contribute to its next chapters.

Filed Under: Media, Personal, Salon

Pattern precognition

February 9, 2005 by Scott Rosenberg

David Weinberger is posting interesting notes from a high-powered TTI Vanguard conference here in SF.

This post on Eric Bonabeau’s presentation caught my eye:

  Eric Bonabeau of Icosystem says that we tend to believe that the future is present in the mass of data and we just need to find it. But we use existing patterns to search the data, which can’t turn up new patterns. Humans are amazing pattern-detecting machines but we’re terrible at exploring alternatives. Eric suggests selective breeding: make new combinations, look at the results, pick the most interesting results, recombine them, etc. He does a live demo that discovers a “hidden bagel” in a 50-dimensional financial data set. (I have no idea what that sentence means once it gets past the word “bagel.”) It helps not to know what you’re looking for.

I’ve heard Bonabeau, at the O’Reilly Emerging Technology conference (coming up again soon), give a talk on emergent behavior (among ants and in other places) and he’s always fascinating. This notion — that, since “we use existing patterns to search the data”, we’re blind to new patterns — has echoes and analogues all over the map, all the way from the little copy-editing exercise that Dave Winer periodically challenges us with to the disastrous failure of American policy in the lead-up to the Iraq war (a mistaken pattern so potent that much of the population still believes in a patently untrue scenario). Our minds fall into existing patterns like wheels in a rut; we “see” words spelled right even when they’re misspelled, and we “see” events unfold according to the sequence we expect, even when the information parading across our eyeballs tells us otherwise.

What interests me is applying this insight to journalism. We all know the hack’s drill: First you decide what your story is, then you go out and find the facts and quotes to fit. The sad truth today, however, is that this approach isn’t just for hacks: Most reporters in most newsrooms don’t have the time, the freedom or the resources to cover most stories in any other way. This is one of the big causes of the much-vaunted credibility crisis we hear so much about in the blogosphere and all of its attendant conferences. For an astonishingly high percentage of professional journalists, the news they recognize is the news that fits the pattern they have already selected as the template for their coverage. This keeps working until real news starts dancing in front of their eyes — and they miss it. (For instance, the story of the ringer reporter from Talon News was sitting right under the eyes of the entire Washington press corps. But it took a swarm of Web-based sleuths operating collaboratively across multiple blogs to piece the strange saga together and discredit President Bush’s friendly plant in the White House press room.)

“It helps not to know what you’re looking for” ought to be the proud banner of the journalistic generalist — the writer who can step into any situation, ask the right questions and get out with clear explanations for the rest of us. But reporters have tight deadlines and editors telling them what they want and, often, instincts dulled by years of repetition — and all but the very best and most creative end up coming out with what they went in for, rather than something unexpected.

One of the pacts I’ve made with myself as I’ve worked on my book is: Don’t go in with the story. Give myself the freedom not to know what I’m looking for. It’s less efficient, everything takes longer, there are blind alleys and extra interviews. But, if I’m persistent and lucky, maybe I’ll end up with something other than the same old patterns.

Newspapers and magazines and Web sites aren’t, can’t be, books, of course. They’ll always have deadlines; they’ll never have enough bodies or money or time. And more and more, the news that they miss is being covered by amateurs and solo operations on the Net. So forward-looking people in the business are all abuzz about new approaches to “citizen journalism” and “we media” and other ideas for harnessing the Internet’s many-to-many dynamics. Books are being written (congratulations to Jay Rosen, who has announced one that I will look forward to); new ventures planned.

Will some hybridization of old media and the new swarm dynamic help more hidebound publications find their souls again? I’m optimistic about the creative possibilities, skeptical about the business realities. But I don’t doubt that journalists could learn a lot from Bonabeau’s ants.

Filed Under: Blogging, Dreaming in Code, Media

Replacements in pacem

February 8, 2005 by Scott Rosenberg

A little while ago someone posted to Metafilter a link to old live videos from 1981 of the Replacements singing a number of songs. I looked to see if “Johnny’s Gonna Die” was there, and it was.

The first Replacements album, 1981’s “Sorry Ma, Forgot to Take Out the Trash,” was an explosion of punk brattiness in ultra-short bursts. The band members were still basically kids, and a lot of their music was fun but, well, disposable, as the album title promises.

Nestled there at the very end of Side One, though, was this desolate ache of a song, and it’s still a heartbreaker. The music begins with a sarcastic nod to the Byrds’ “So You Wanna Be a Rock ‘n’ Roll Star” — a tongue-in-cheek vision to begin with, but the Replacements turn its rollicking bass line and chiming guitars into something hollow and stark. The lyrics simply declare the certain fate of a certain musician: Johnny Thunders was going to die. A decade later, he did. (Heroin will do that.) A few years later, so did Bob Stinson, the Replacements guitarist whose simple barren solos fill the song’s empty spaces. Watch him in that video, hammering on the high string.

From Elvis to Vicious to Cobain, self-destructive rock stars have cut a path across the decades that young musicians understandably find magnetic. Somehow, here at the very start of their career, the Replacements managed to stare down that whole bundle of mythology. When I saw the band play this song at a tiny club in Cambridge a few years after that video was recordered, I remember wondering about the snotty edge of “Johnny’s Gonna Die”: those “nah nah nahs,” like a schoolyard taunt, or the kiss-off in its closing “Bye bye.” Affection? Self-protection? I don’t know. Those lips were curled, but if you looked close, you could see them quiver.

Filed Under: Culture, Music

This thing still on?

February 4, 2005 by Scott Rosenberg

For a variety of boring reasons I spent some time today upgrading my old Windows 2000 box to WinXP. I believe that Radio has survived the transition, but this is a test post to make sure…

Filed Under: Personal

Wall Street Journal liberals: And then there were none

February 3, 2005 by Scott Rosenberg

Over at the New York Times, William Safire has retired, and people are speculating about whether the paper will replace him with another conservative, or whether David Brooks constitutes a sufficient dosage.

Meanwhile, the Wall Street Journal op-ed roster recently lost its one token liberal voice when Al Hunt decided to leave the paper. Hunt was never a terribly exciting writer, but at least he exposed the Journal’s readership to a glimmer of light from outside its own serenely hermetic universe. Would the Journal keep any room on its opinion pages — otherwise filled with the usual motley gang of social neanderthals, rad-lib[ertarians] and Bush sycophants — for a dissenting voice?

Apparently not. Today the paper told its readers that Hunt’s old Thursday slot was going to be filled by a rotating gang of commentary writers presenting outside-the-Beltway perspectives.

Look, I’m all for getting out of the Beltway. But getting out of your own partisan wagon-circle is also healthy. Doesn’t the Journal have room for a single dissenter? Or is that whole concept just so, like, pre-9/11 that the Journal doesn’t even think it’s worth addressing?

Filed Under: Media

Tree-cutting and tag-spinning

February 3, 2005 by Scott Rosenberg

I have been mulling over a big old post about tagging and folksonomies, but book work has taken priority this week, and by now most of what I wanted to say has been said by others (here are some good links).

So this is all I think I’ll throw in to the discussion — and append to my previously posted skepticism that people beyond early adopters will pursue tagging with any avidity: “Tagging” is a great word. “Categories” are onerous; they sound like work. “Tags” sound like play — like a game we played when we were tots. (Hey, it’s ludic!)”Categories” also implies, to many users, a mental model in which each item must live in one category to the exclusion of others. “Tags” encourages overlap, duplication, experimentation.

I like the way David Weinberger puts it here, as he compares older-fashioned information hierarchies with folksonomic tagging: “The old way creates a tree. The new rakes leaves together…. The old way — trees — make sense in controlled environments where ambiguity is dangerous and where thoroughness counts. Trees make less sense in the uncontrolled, connected world that cherishes ambiguity.” And the world of software is so allergic to ambiguity that we should cherish any new development that opens a space within the digital realm for multiple meanings.

If the software that begins to harness the tagging phenomenon can stay true to the spirit the word evokes, I think it has a chance of overcoming human inertia and resistance to doing more than the bare minimum of metadata labor. Which places a premium (as Ross Mayfield points out) on ease of use. If people are going to tag things at all, you need to make it really easy for them to do it fast. Del.icio.us — once you set up its toolbar shortcut — is pretty good, though I think it would be great if it showed you how other people tagged a link before you did your own tagging. Technorati’s experiment with tagging for blog postings obviously has a very long way to go, but it’s moving in the right direction.

Will the whole thing get debased by commercialism and swamped by spam? Sure. Then we’ll return to the drawing board.

Filed Under: Technology

Astroturf journalism at the White House

February 3, 2005 by Scott Rosenberg

President Bush has relied on a ringer in recent press conferences: This guy named Jeff Gannon from a right-wing news site called “Talon News” spouts the GOP party line and lobs softball questions at the prez that repeat his own press releases. Metafilter and Salon’s War Room have more.

This is the dark side of the “now everyone’s a journalist” blogosphere meme, a concept that for the most part I think is positive. But once anyone can set up as a journalist, public figures can summon astroturf reporters to do their bidding, and officials can “paper the house” with sympathizers the way theater producers have always done on opening night. (This reminds me of what happened in movie criticism in the ’80s and ’90s, as a variety of bozos went into the business of providing movie “reviews” to borderline media outlets with the sole purpose of giving the movie marketers a bottomless well of positive quotes.)

The only answer, I suppose, is to say to the White House press office, hey, if your bloggers and guys-with-Web-sites get to ask questions at press conferences, the other side’s should, too. Get Kos and Atrios and Tom Tomorrow in there! Mix it up! (No way, I know.)

Filed Under: Media, Politics

Reinventing the wheel

January 31, 2005 by Scott Rosenberg

Who says you can’t reinvent the wheel? [Link courtesy of the perennially valuable Boing Boing]

Filed Under: Science

Brian Dear on Laurie Anderson

January 31, 2005 by Scott Rosenberg

In my years as a working theater critic, one of the things I occasionally did to amuse myself, in those desperate hours between an 11 p.m. curtain and a 2 a.m. deadline, was to write my review in the style of the artist whose work I was covering: a kind of critical Stockholm Syndrome, you might say. For instance, I recall, in one fit of near-insanity, writing a bunch of paragraphs of a review of a John Cage festival, then printing them out, cutting them up with scissors, and scattering them on the floor. The random reordering worked nicely, as it turned out. But I took the increasing frequency with which this impulse arose as a sign that it was time for me to move on to something else.

I still enjoy reading a nice turn in this vein, though. Here’s one: Brian Dear’s review of a Laurie Anderson show, told in that performance artist’s detached-chant voice.

Filed Under: Culture, Music

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