As a young man in love with the nuts and bolts of publishing, beginning in high school in the 1970s, I spent a lot of time in print shops. The industry had just undergone a wrenching transition from “hot type” to “cold type” — abandoning a venerable technology involving hulking machines and heavy metal slugs in favor of phototypesetting systems that input text digitally (usually clumsily, via paper-tape rolls) and churned out fast-drying galleys on thick paper. Many print shops of the time existed, like those used by both my high school and college papers, as small offices carved out of much-larger spaces that had been used for the hot-type machinery. Often, the big old rooms were dark and still littered with debris — linotype detritus, boxes of metal slugs. The homes for the cold-type machines were comparative oases, well-lit and air-conditioned to keep the expensive new equipment happy.
This technological transition seemed momentous for the newspaper industry at the time; it rendered an entire tradition of printing skills obsolete and led to wrenching labor battles. But of course it was only a preface.
I was cleaning out my garage recently, combing through some old files, and stumbled on a research paper I wrote in 1981 as a senior in college. The title was “The Electronic Newsroom and the Video Display Terminal.” I was writing about the moment that the digital transition rolled out from the back shop to engulf the newsroom, as — almost overnight — the typewriters were put out to pasture and a generation of journalists learned to love cut/paste and the “delete” key. What would that mean for the future of news?
The paper isn’t a big deal; it was written for a course I’d taken mostly for its reputation as an easy way for humanities types like me to fulfill the science requirement. But I’d spent enough time as both a student journalist and a computer enthusiast to know that the changes taking place wouldn’t stop at the newsroom door. Here’s what I wrote:
In trailblazing information delivery uses for electronic technology, the newspapers have in a way introduced a Trojan horse into their midst: for in the coming decades newspapers may well find themselves supplanted by a combination of home video terminals, central information computers, and entrepreneurs in specialized information delivery systems.
Let’s see: “Home video terminals”? Check: that would be your PC. “Central information computers”? Check: the vast network of web servers that feed you your Google, YouTube and so on. “Entrepreneurs in specialized information delivery systems”? That would be your blogging multitude.
I make no claim for great prescience — quite the reverse. I was a college kid who had no particular inside knowledge or knack for future-gazing. I Even so, it wasn’t hard to see where things were leading.
I’ll think of my little paper every time I hear news execs making the excuse that “no one could see” how things were going to play out between print and the online world. If a kid could see it nearly 30 years ago, maybe they should have tried a little harder.
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Hi Scott,
I have RSSed your blog and am following your posts with great interest.
My $0.02 here, based on my life as an MBA in the US and Japan (currently very happily working as a writer/translator/blogger).
Our worldwide economic system doesn’t allow for the behemoths to transition gracefully. The markets pour money into particular business models and companies as if trends will continue forever, but, when they don’t, the system requires the entrenched players to crash and burn while the new competition gracefully rises.
As a behemoth approaches the precipice, its management, politically speaking, is not allowed to tell its “stakeholders” that the end is near. Rather, they must assert that they will do what is necessary to adapt to the new “paradigm”–all will be well! When the end finally comes, the management floats off on golden parachutes while rest careens over the edge to unlovely destruction.
For these reasons, it’s not surprising that newspapers have failed to adapt. The incentive for management is to pretend that current practices will see them through. The same type of psychology has been evident in the US auto industry for the past 30 years.
Scott
Could you scan and post your research paper? I very much would like to read it. Opinions and research from that time period about what the future would bring would be very interesting.
Thanks for asking, but it’s pretty uninteresting stuff, mostly, I must admit. I could do it but right now I’m so far behind in so many other areas that it’s hard to set it as a priority…
I don’t think you give yourself enough credit. That was prescient, and insightful. In a world filled with debunked prognosticators, who rarely take the slightest responsibility for their errant visions, it’s good to read about a college kid with such intuition and a strong sense of the future. If only the editors of America’s newspapers had seen what you saw.
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